HPV Vaccination
Overview
Most cervical cancers are related with human papillomavirus (HPV), a sexually transmitted infection. Human papillomavirus vaccines are vaccines that can prevent such infections caused by certain types of human papillomavirus. Substantial immunization with the HPV vaccine could decrease the effect of cervical cancers and different cancers caused due to HPV.
Risk Factors for HPV Infection
1. Young age (peak age group 20–24 years of age)
2. Multiple sex partners
3. Early age of first sexual intercourse
4. Male partner sexual behavior
5. Uncircumcised male partners
Cancers associated with HPV
HPV attributable to following cancer %
Cervix 100%
Anus 90%
Vulva 40%
Vagina 40%
Penis 40%
Oral cavity & pharynx <12%
Why there is need for HPV Vaccine ?
Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer among women globally. More than 85% cases and 88% of deaths from cervical cancer occur in developing countries.
Who should be vaccinated with HPV?
HPV Vaccination is for both boys and girls. Young adults can also have this vaccination. Ideal age for getting HPV vaccine is between age of 11 and 12. It is ideal for girls and boys to receive the vaccine before they have sexual contact and are exposed to HPV. It can also be given as early age of 9 to age of 45. Upto 26 year of age, person can get the vaccination but after 26 year of age one should consult a doctor for having this vaccination or not. The number of doses given, totally depend on the age of the person.
What is the schedule of HPV Vaccine?
Before 15 years: two doses. The timing is 0 (baseline) 6–12 months.
At 15 years of age or older: three doses. The timing is 0 (baseline), 1–2 months, 6 months.
Special Cases for HPV Vaccination
Patient with abnormal Pap test or history of genital warts, or HPV + : vaccination is still recommended.
Pregnancy: Not recommended
Breastfeeding: Can be given