Gynae Oncology

Diagnosis and treatment of all kind of cancers of female reproductive system

Cervical Cancer

Cervical cancer is a malignant tumor involving the cervix, that is the lowermost part of uterus. Many strains of the human papillomavirus (HPV), a sexually transmitted infection, play a great role in causing most cervical cancer.

Ovarian Cancer

Ovarian cancer is a cancerous growth of cells that forms in the ovaries. The cells multiply quickly and can occupy and demolish healthy body tissue.

Endometrium (Uterine) Cancer

Endometrial cancer is a cancer that starts in the uterus of a female. This cancer begins in the layer of cells that form the lining (endometrium) of the uterus. Endometrial cancer is also known as uterine cancer.

Cancer Screening

Screening is known as the process in which certain tests are conducted to find the specific types of cancer before their signs and symptoms.

PAP Smear

A Pap smear, also known as a Pap test. It is a procedure to test for cervical cancer in women. It involves collecting cells from the cervix — the lower, narrow end of an uterus that is at the top of a vagina. Detecting cervical cancer early with a Pap smear gives you a greater chance at a cure.

HPV Vaccination

Most cervical cancers are related with human papillomavirus (HPV), a sexually transmitted infection. Human papillomavirus vaccines are vaccines that can prevent such infections caused by certain types of human papillomavirus. Substantial immunization with the HPV vaccine could decrease the effect of cervical cancers and different cancers caused due to HPV.

Risk Factors for HPV Infection

Young age (peak age group 20–24 years of age)
Multiple sex partners
Early age of first sexual intercourse
Male partner sexual behavior
Uncircumcised male partners

Cancers associated with HPV

HPV attributable to following cancer – %

Cervix – 100%
Anus – 90%
Vulva – 40%
Vagina – 40%
Penis – 40%
Oral cavity & pharynx – <12%

Why there is need for HPV Vaccine ?

Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer among women globally. More than 85% cases and 88% of deaths from cervical cancer occur in developing countries.

Who should be vaccinated with HPV?

HPV Vaccination is for both boys and girls. Young adults can also have this vaccination. Ideal age for getting HPV vaccine is between age of 11 and 12. It is ideal for girls and boys to receive the vaccine before they have sexual contact and are exposed to HPV. It can also be given as early age of 9 to age of 45. Upto 26 year of age, person can get the vaccination but after 26 year of age one should consult a doctor for having this vaccination or not. The number of doses given, totally depend on the age of the person.

What is the schedule of HPV Vaccine?

Before 15 years: two doses. The timing is 0 (baseline) 6–12 months.

At 15 years of age or older: three doses. The timing is 0 (baseline), 1–2 months, 6 months.

Special Cases for HPV Vaccination

Patient with abnormal Pap test or history of genital warts, or HPV + : vaccination is still recommended.
Pregnancy: Not recommended
Breastfeeding: Can be given